Structured concurrency simplifies concurrent programming by managing tasks within a clear scope. Introduced in Java 19, it ties thread lifecycles to their scope, ensuring better error propagation, resource safety, and scalability. This paradigm shift makes Java concurrency easier to write, debug, and maintain, addressing traditional concurrency challenges effectively.

Monolithic architecture is a practical choice for new projects, especially in Java, offering simplicity, ease of development, testing, and data consistency while reducing operational overhead. Successful companies like Basecamp, Shopify, and GitHub have effectively utilized monoliths. Starting with a monolith allows for a gradual transition to microservices, providing a strong foundation without premature complexity.